Robots

Robots

Robots are of great innovation in this modern era as they provide different ways to perform activities in daily life. It can be defined as a robot, a virtual entity or mechanical artifice or an electromechanical system that, by its appearance or its movements, offers the sensation of having its own purpose. The independence created in their movements makes their actions the reason for a reasonable and deep study in the area of science and technology. The word robot can refer to both physical mechanisms and virtual software systems, although the latter are often referred to by the term bots.

Brief history about the creation of a robot

Jacques de Vaucanson built the first robot, Jouer de Flûte, a life-size figure of a shepherd who played the drum and flute and had a list of twelve songs this was done in 1737. From that time they began to modernize robots since in ancient times other artifacts that resembled robots but were not of extreme precision such as: the Greek mathematician Archytas of Taranto who built a mechanical bird that worked with steam and which was called "The Dove" in the 4th century another to highlight was Al Jazari that was  Muslim origin of the Artuqid dynasty, he designed and developed a series of automated machines, among which there were kitchen utensils, musical automatons that workedwith water and in 1206 the first programmable humanoid robots.  These machines resembled four musicians aboard a boat on a lake, entertaining guests at royal parties, the mechanism to be used was a programmable drum with pegs that collided with small levers that operated pursuit instruments. The rhythms and patterns played by the drummer could be changed by moving the pegs.

In 1799-1881, a series of mechanical toys were created, some of which served tea, shot arrows taken from a quiver and even traced a kanji this was the work of Japanese craftsman Hisashige Tanaka.

Among other inventions of robots were that when the industrial revolution emerged, the construction of automatic devices gave way. Among them are the Jaquemarts, dolls of two or more positions that hit bells powered by  Chinese and Japanese clockwork mechanisms  . Single-wheel robots were used to conduct research on behavior, navigation and route gliding.

Another notable achievement was the Maeslantkering robot, a Delta Plan storm barrier in the Netherlands built in the 1990s, which automatically closes when needed. However, this structure does not meet the requirements of mobility or generality.

 

Then they occurred in the creation of humanoid robots that resembled pets such as : robots such as snake or dog shape, among others, this happened in 2002 by the companies of Honda and Sony.

Actually, Robots are used in different aspects of everyday life, to mention robots are used in manufacturing, assembly and packaging plants, in transportation, in explorations on Earth and in space, surgery, weaponry, research in laboratories and in the mass production of industrial or consumer goods.

In short, robots can be used in different ways, others to mention is that they can be used to eliminate toxic waste that can be dangerous for a human being the robot can do it without any difficulty, other or serious use in mining, search and rescue of people and location of landmines.

There are different types and classes of robots, including in human form, animals, plants, or even architectural elements, but all are differentiated by their capabilities and are classified into 4 forms:

Androids: robots in human form. They imitate the behavior of people, their usefulness today is only experimentation. The main limitation of this model is the implementation of balance in displacement, as it is bipedal.

Mobile: they move by means of a rolling platform (wheels); These robots ensure the transport of parts from one point to another.

Zoomorphic: it is a system of locomotion imitating animals. The application of these robots serves, above all, for the study of volcanoes and space exploration.

Articulated poly: they move their limbs with few degrees of freedom. Its main utility is industrial, to move elements that require care.

In medicine, robots are used to perform surgeries in precise ways, thus avoiding errors and ensuring better patient health because they have sensors that allow them to analyze or diagnose processes, as well as to perform interventions based on exact parameters. They also help in the rehabilitation of patients who have suffered sensory loss due to an accident or illness.

In mining, they are used to detect the presence of gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, to assess the safety conditions of the mine, in addition, video is used to detect threats, such as air movement, explosives, in This uses the Recoverbot which is a 68 kg robot with two maneuverable arms with grippers mounted on four wheels with cameras and video controls and a shell that protects the robot during descent from a mine.

In short, robots are the invention of the century, since they can be used in many domestic, industrial, military, medicinal, and other activities that  can develop society  to the modern and  elegant and finally to spend more time with the family and facilitate the work in any branch of science that is used.