Anime
It is a
traditional or computer animation style of Japanese origin.
At the
beginning the term anime was not known but the name of Senga Eiga that gives a
reference to films of drawn lines and they were not so precise, later it will
be known with the term Doga that referred to moving images. Until in 1960 it
was named as “Animeeshon in its Japanese word (アニメーション
animēshon).
From there
derives the abbreviation "anime" in its Japanese word (アニメ).
The
inventories of said animation were Emakimono and Kagee.
Kagee
became popular in the Edo period and originated from China's shadow play. The
paper play called Kamishibai emerged in the 12th century and remained popular
in street theater until the 1930s. Bunraku theater puppets and ukiyo-e prints
are considered ancestors of characters in most Japanese animations. Finally,
the manga was a great inspiration for Japanese animation. Cartoonists Kitzawa
Rakuten and Okamoto Ippei used cinematic elements in their strips.
Emakimono
was recognized at the time of the 11th century for his narrated stories and
legends, the creative way of showing his ideas.
Japanese
animation took its big leap in 1917, due to a short film that recounted the
daily life of Japan, this called Namakura Gatana de Kōuchi that was created by
the artists: Ōten Shimokawa, Seitarō Kitayama and Jun'ichi Kōuchi As it took
more Japanese animation boom.
Other anime
artists, Kenzō Masaoka and Mitsuyo Seo, made great strides in the art,
benefiting from government sponsorship, which employed animators to produce
educational shorts and propaganda. In 1940, the government dissolved various
artists' organizations to form Shin Nippon Mangaka Kyōkai.
The first sound anime was Chikara to Onna no
Yo no Naka (1933), a short film produced by Masaoka.21 The first full-length
anime film was Momotaro: Sacred Sailors (1945), produced by Seo with
sponsorship from the Imperial Japanese Navy. But the most outstanding fact of
the time was "Hakuja Den" Panda and the white snake in 1958, it was
the first Japanese animated feature film in color, it was one of the films that
made Hayao Miyazaki famous.
In the
1960s, manga artist and animator Osamu Tezuka adapted and simplified Disney's
animation techniques to cut costs and limit the number of frames in his
productions.
Three Tales (1960) was the first anime film
broadcast on television; the first anime television series was Otogi Manga
Calendar (1961–64).
In the
1980s, robot anime or anime aimed at female audiences emerged, with romantic
themes similar to soap operas for examples; Heidi, Candy Candy or Mazinger z.
In modern
times, other more outstanding anime known as Dragon ball, Samurai x, Ghost in
the Shell, Naruto, and many others were created, which gave life to Japanese
anime and that stood out in their time, which everyone knows and admires due to
the delicacy of their stories and the creative way of showing their ideas, as
well as how they captivate the attention of the public in their different
categories.
Among them
we can mention:
Kodomo
refers that it is aimed at children, some examples: Heidi, Pokemon, Yu gi oh.
Shojo refers to the fact that it is aimed at
adolescent women, and it can be found in its stories the importance of feelings
and romantic relationships of the characters, to their daily lives. Some
examples; Lovely complex, kamisama hajimemashita.
Shonen is
aimed at teenagers and young people. Some examples: Dragon ball, One piece.
These would
be the most outstanding categories for this anime. There is also another anime
culture that is cosplay.
Cosplay
refers to "playing a role" people dress up as an anime character,
interpreting it, imitating their gestures and the way that character developed
in history, imitating their way of expressing themselves and acting.
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